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The red sea and gulf of Aden coasts reflect relatively
late intraplate separation of the African – Arabian por-tion
of gondwana along extensions of the east African rift system (see chapter 2). In early tertiary time . after prolonged stability. The region became the site of con-tinuing intense magmatic and tectonic activity , by late Eocene times (40 ma bp) vertical uplift had produced a massive Afro- Arabian dome across which attenuation of weakened sialic crust led to trisection into somail.
Nubian and Arabian segments the Somali segment was bounded to the north and west by crustal flexures and tensional faults along which lateral displacement began it the Miocene. Since then . as the Arabian seg-ment has moved north and east away from the somail and Nubian segments. New oceanic crust some 200 km across has formed in the widening Gulf of Aden and the Red sea