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Sydney (Capital of Australia) : Sydney in New South Wales is the largest city in Australia. It was also the first city established in Australia. It has a population of about 3,623,600. Sydney covers about 55 mi. (90 km.) of Australia's southeastern coast. The average temperature in Sydney is about 57° F (17.5° C). It is run by a lord mayor and aldermen and the seat of the New South Wales government is also in Sydney. Sydney is home to the Sydney Opera House and Sydney's deep water harbor. The Sydney Harbor Bridge spans the harbor. The Sydney Opera House in Sydney was established in 1973. It is the center of many recreational and cultural activities, including opera, ballet, drama, music, and dancing. The Opera House contains a concert hall, a drama theater, a larger opera theater, an auditorium, and a cinema. Several companies' headquarters are there. The companies are Sydney Theater, Modern Dance, Australian Ballet, Australian Opera. Every January, the Opera House hosts a month long celebration of the fine arts practiced there.

Melbourne: Melbourne is Australia's second largest city, with a population of 3,002,500. It is a center for land, air, and sea routes since a third of Australia's imports go through Melbourne. Some major imports are petroleum, paper, timber, iron, steel, and chemicals. Melbourne's main exports are wool and agriculture products. It also manufactures ships, automobiles, clothing, metal, and rubber products. Melbourne has a large public library, a modern arts complex, several museums, and three universities. Melbourne is the home of the State Parliament House and the Anglican and Roman Catholic Cathedrals.